文章内容回顾 | 说水獭的生活习性,鼻子很灵,可以和狗一样。但是视力很差,不过不影响它捕鱼。它很害羞,不喜欢群居,虽然食物充足,但是它们就在很近的地方捕食,不跑远。
第一段讲:otter的shape, 比如它有powerful claws, 能游得很快,还有它的防水功能的外层在salt water中会被腐蚀,所以它们一般生活在coast.
第二段:otter’s sense and underwater vision
第三段:otter比较害羞,habitat在没有人的地方,有其他的otter占领的地方, 它们也不会去挤。
第四段:它们的繁殖
第五段:它们的reproduction机制及小otter多久才会长大
第六段:污染什么的导致其数量减少
第七段:保护还是很有效的,有法律将其列为濒危动物
答案:
1. swimming speed 2. salt water 3. coastal otters
4. mammal moles 5. sense of sight
说它的fitness-purpose的特性是A段
有个未进化的功能是C段
讲它们成熟mate的四个阶段E段
Social characteristic, 说它们活动范围小的那个是在倒数第二段
最后一段讲它们得到法律保护什么的 |
英文原文阅读 | Life cycle
The time of gestation in otters is about 60 to 86 days. The newborn pup is taken care of by the mother, the father, and all the other offspring. Female otters reach sexual maturity at approximately two years of age, while males can produce offspring at approximately three years of age. After one month, the young otter can come out of the cave and, after two months, it is able to swim. It lives with its family for about one year, so it can learn and be kept safe until maturity. Otters live up to 16 years.
Characteristics
Otters have long, slim bodies and relatively short limbs, with webbed paws. Most have sharp claws on their feet, and all except the sea otter have long, muscular tails. The 13 species range in adult size from 0.6 to 1.8 metres (2 to 6 ft) in length and 1 to 45 kilograms (2.2 to 100 lb) in weight. The Oriental small-clawed otter is the smallest otter species and the giant otter and sea otter are the largest. They have very soft, insulated underfur, which is protected by an outer layer of long guard hair. This traps a layer of air, and keeps them dry and warm under water.
Many otters live in cold waters and have very high metabolic rates to help keep them warm. European otters must eat 15% of their body weight a day, and sea otters 20 to 25%, depending on the temperature. In water as warm as 10 °C (50 °F), an otter needs to catch 100 grams (3.5 ounces) of fish per hour to survive. Most species hunt for three to five hours a day, and nursing mothers up to eight hours a day.
For most otters, fish is the staple of their diet. This is often supplemented by frogs, crayfish and crabs.[3] Some otters are expert at opening shellfish, and others will feed on available small mammals or birds. Prey-dependence leaves otters very vulnerable to prey depletion.
Otters are very active, chasing prey in the water or searching the beds of rivers, lakes or the seas. Most species live beside water, but river otters usually enter it only to hunt or travel, otherwise spending much of their time on land to avoid their fur becoming waterlogged. Sea otters are highly aquatic and live in the ocean for most of their lives.
Otters are playful animals and appear to engage in various behaviors for sheer enjoyment. Different species vary in their social structure, with some being largely solitary, while others live in groups – in a few species these groups may be fairly large. |
文章内容回顾 | 原文介绍了英国一座大桥建成后,大量游人前往参观,结果桥发生共振出了问题,就此展开了研究。
Summary: wind, further apart, horizontal force, swaying, step, upright |
文章内容回顾 | 各种实验,此篇文章没有用机经原题,而是发生变化。
说有个科学家做实验,在真实社会中,因为他自己容易受推销员影响,所以希望探寻说服的秘密,最后通过实验发现了说服6定律,作者认同这个人的部分观点,但是不知道在新西兰是否同样适用。
摘要题答案回忆:relative value, bad behavior, rare opportunity, previous commitment, similar name |