雅思阅读真题V130921

Passage1

新旧情况

题目类型

Matching、T/F/NG、MC

题目

蝴蝶有保护色的研究。
     蝴蝶的自我保护,身上颜色对捕食者的警告。后面讲蝴蝶的色彩和毒性及不同种类蝴蝶飞行模式研究。

文章大意

一个科学家讲他认为蝴蝶身上色彩斑斓是警告标志,告诉别的动物"我有毒，离我远点"。但按道理说同一地区的蝴蝶图案应当是相同或相近的.但实际上蝴蝶谷的蝴蝶色彩斑斓.那些捕食动物只能分辨稍微有些接近的警告颜色。另一科学家认为蝴蝶的颜色根据canopy的高度变化，也就是按照光照的高度变化，但这个理论很快被推翻了，因为同一高度有不同图案的蝴蝶。最后又一科学家做了很多试验,表明蝴蝶爱在两个高度飞行。当然这不绝对,蝴蝶也偶尔在他喜欢的高度飞翔。

参考答案

TFNG:(6个)
     1.Butterflies are sometimes copied by other species. (蝴蝶的XX特性被别的昆虫复制下) TRUE
     2. Predators avoids only butterflies that look exactly like    poisonous insects. F
     3.Beccaloni initially believed in the flight attitude hypothesis.    (Beccaloni教授一开始相信另一教授蝴蝶高度飞行解释.) F
     4. The altitude of the butterflies flying is dependent of its    favourite food.蝴蝶飞行高度由食物决定NOT GIVEN
     5.以前的很多教授都没有蝴蝶数据记录TRUE
     Matching(5个):关键词很明确.比较好找
     l DeVires’    critism of flight height hypothesis (E)
     l Richness    of Species in Jutan Santa (F)
     l (F)
     l Why    Becaloni chose the place for his research
     l Beccaloni’    way of collecting the butterflies (G) used a bag-like net

单选(四选一)
         1． Beccaloni chose the location__, other researchers have collected    butterflies there.

A. Well-resourced source
       (原文: It is exceptionally rich ,but it is well collected as well... .I    know what were there.)12. Beccaloni found that the butterflies flying at the same height had similar wing rings.
       13. B

答案解析

问B科学家的各种研究.为什么改变研究策略,如伺收集蝴蝶.
     D科学家对飞行高度的评判，JS这个地方有很多物种还有选择题3个、问为什么选那个location研究
     教授抓蝴蝶的方法倒数NO.2段大概是H
     另一XX教授说蝴蝶飞行高度的解释理论的criticism在哪段倒数NO.4
     XX教授为什么选择此处研究蝴蝶厄瓜多尔某森林丰富的昆虫种类正数3或者4段
     此蝴蝶种类多的很哪段说明倒数NO.3
     MC只要围绕后面几段的研究来问的。
     蝴蝶飞行?
     D按它自己喜欢的方式高度飞行(原句不像飞机JET降落那样飞行而是享受自己飞行的空间感受)

部分原文

Pretending to be poisonous protects    you from predators. But why don’t neighbouring mimics all look alike?
     THERE'S no animal that symbolises    rainforest diversity quite as spectacularly as the t topical butterfly.    Anyone lucky enough to see these creatures flitting between patches of    sunlight caruwt fail to be impressed by the variety of their patterns. Buk    why do they display such colourful exuberance? Until recently, this was    almost as pertinent a question as it had been when the 19th-rcentury    naturalist, armed only with butterfly nets acrd insatiable curiosity, battled    through the rainforests.
     These early explorers soon realised    that although so e of the butterflies’ bright colours are there to attract a    mate, others are warning signals. They send out a message to anypredatars:    "Keep off, we' re poisonous.“ And because wearing certain patterns    affords protection, other species copy them. Biologists use the term    "mimicry rings" far these clusters of impostors crud their    evolutionary idol.
     But here's the conundrum.    "Classical mimicry theory says that only a single ring should be found    in any one area,“explains George Beccalani    of the Natural History Museum, London.    The idea is that in each locality there should be just the one pattern that    best protects its wearers. Predators would quickly learn to avoid it and    eventually all mimetic species in a region should converge upon it. "    The fact that this is patently not the case has been one of the major    problems in mimicry research,“says Beccaloni.

Passage 2

新旧情况

题目类型

20041214旧文

Matching    政府/一些研究人员/ 机构做的事情的配对
     T/F/NG
     Summary 无词库

题目

Smog伦敦1991空气污染

文章大意

1991年英国的smog时间造成多少死亡，研究他的原因

参考译文

Deaths linked to London smog
     When a latter-day smog enveloped London in 1991 the    number of deaths shot up by 10 per cent, according to an unpublished report    for the Department of Health. The figures suggest that the smog killed about    160 people. The episode presents the first direct evidence of deaths from air    pollution in Britain    for more than 30 years and has forced the government to order a review of its    air quality guidelines.
     The smog, which built up from traffic    fumes during four windless days in December 1991, was the worst in Britain in    recent years. Many of those who died had probably been suffering from heart    disease and respiratory problems.
     Evidence of the deaths has been    compiled by Ross Anderson, an epidemiologist at St     George's Hospital    in south London.    He will present a summary of his results to a meeting of the British Thoracic    Society next week.
     But Anderson's results have already    convinced the Department of Health to act.Under air quality guidelines which    it set last year,no piblic warning would be given if the 1991 smog was    repeated today ,because the level of pollutants would not be high enough.
     The smog blanketed London from the    morning of Thursday 13 December until winds cleared the air the following    Sunday evening .Two pollutants reached exceptionally high    concentrations:nitrogen dioxide levels peaked at 423 parts per billion ,the    highest level ever recorded in Britain ,and particulates,measured as the    amount og black smoke in the air ,reached 228 micrograms per cubit metre.
     By looking at the number of people in    London who    died the week before the smog , He decline to say how many deaths make up the    10 per cent or to comment on his findings until next week’s meeting.
     But government figures show that    about 1700 people were registered dead during the fateful week , suggesting    that about 160 extra people died during the smog.
     Anderson    found the number of people who died from respiratory diseases,including    asthma and severe lung disease , was 22 per cent highter than expected during    the week of the smog. The number of people who died from cardivascular disease was 14 per highter.
     An epidemiological study such as Anderson’s cannot prove that air polluction caused the extra deaths. But the abstract of Anderson’s paper concludes: ‘The results suggest an increased mortality occurred during the episode week .This is consistent with an effect of air polluction.’
     According to John Brower of the National Environmental Technology Center near Culham ,Oxfordshire , episodes as bad as the 1991smog are rare,but they remain possible,despite new regulations intended to reduce vehicle emissions. ‘If the same weather happens again,it would happen again’,he says.

Passage3

新旧情况

题目类型

new

T/F/NG
     有词库S
     MC

题目

说谎的艺术

文章大意

The    Art of Deception
     一个微表情专家研究微表情的起因
     一个科学家的研究，他因为跟学生聊天时被问了个问题，然后就对该领域产生兴趣，做了一些实验。后来FBI都来咨询他关于测谎的问题,他干脆自己成立了个团队来对付那些机构.后来有人找他合作拍电视.他开始不想因
     为怕误导观众.后来制作人太有诚意把他打动了,他就同意并且祝福这部剧.这部剧就是lie to me、主角叫Lightman.

参考答案

l The writer referred to the 12-minute interview because he wanted to    point out the origin of
         l Paul Ekman mention the third paragraph because he wanted to discuss    the nature of expressions.
         l Paul Ekman was mentioned in the fourth paragraph, his work has been    useful in many fields (原文提到了CIA,FBI)

Summary
       33. He was worried about that justice couldn’t be carried out.36. The motivation of the TV show’s producer encouraged him , and he was happy about the overall show’s accuracy.
       T/F/NG
        Ekman regretted the lies he told when he was a boy. NG
       (原文：Ekman professed that he told terrible lies when he was a child.)
        The person good at telling lies tend to be good at having the ability to ditect lies. ( The ability to lie successful and the ability to find liars are completely unrelated) 不确定
       
        Ekman was more interested in the lies that could result in the serious consequences.(原文提到了说他就对)